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Surgical treatments generally aim to remove all or part of the cancer. Often surgery is performed in combination with radiation or chemotherapy treatment. In some cases some patients are not healthy enough to withstand surgery and must consider a less invasive course of action.
Radiation therapy can be administered in a number of ways. Applied either internally or externally, radiation treatment aims to destroy cancer cells and shrink tumors. Radiation therapy is commonly performed after surgical removal of cancerous growths to eliminate any remaining malignant cells.
Chemotherapy treatments destroy cancer cells as they multiply helping to prevent tumors from getting larger and cancer from spreading. Patients may be administered more than one chemotherapy drug at a time to provide the most effective treatment.
Alimta is a chemotherapy drug that was approved by the Food and Drug Administration in 2004 to fight malignant mesothelioma. The drug works by preventing cell growth which can stop the malignant tumor from metastasizing (or spreading) throughout the body. The drug works on three enzymes specifically: thymidylate synthase, dihydrofolate reductase and glycinamide ribonucleotide formyl transferase. These enzymes are necessary for the formation of DNA and RNA. Since Alimta stops the formation of these enzymes it prevents the formation of DNA and RNA, which in turn stops cell growth and hopefully stops the tumor from metastasizing.
Alimta is administered intravenously once every three weeks for a ten-minute period. Alimta can be used as a single agent or in combination with cisplastin. Cisplatin is a platinum based chemotherapy drug used to treat several types of cancers. Alimta's clinical trials results suggest that Alimta, when used in combination with cisplatin, improves the median survival rate for patients suffering from malignant pleural effusion. Patients who were treated with Alimta and cisplatin survived about three months longer than patients treated only with cisplatin.
Several drugs are available to assist in the treatment of mesothelioma. Though few are approved for the specific treatment of mesothelioma, many anti-cancer drugs have been proven to be effective especially in combination with other treatments.
Immunotherapy, photodynamic therapy and a variety of other new and emerging treatments are providing patients with promising options for fighting mesothelioma.
Several procedures and treatments exist purely to make patients more comfortable – these are called palliative treatments. While they do not fight cancer, palliative treatments can greatly improve the quality of the patient’s life.
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